Sulfidgrupper

Sulfidgrupper refer to a functional group in organic chemistry characterized by a sulfur atom bonded to two carbon atoms, with the general formula R-S-R', where R and R' represent alkyl or aryl groups. This group is also known as a thioether or an alkylthio group. The sulfur atom in a sulfidgrupp has two lone pairs of electrons, giving it a bent geometry similar to that of ethers. Sulfidgrupper are less polar than ether groups due to the larger size and lower electronegativity of sulfur compared to oxygen.

Sulfidgrupper are formed through various reactions, including the nucleophilic substitution of alkyl halides with thiols or thiolate anions, or by the addition of thiols to alkenes. They are relatively stable compounds, but can undergo oxidation to form sulfoxides (R-SO-R') and sulfones (R-SO2-R'). The presence of a sulfidgrupp can influence the physical and chemical properties of a molecule, affecting its solubility, reactivity, and biological activity. For instance, sulfidgrupper are found in important biomolecules like the amino acid methionine and in various pharmaceuticals. They are also used as solvents and intermediates in organic synthesis.