Subendoteliální

Subendoteliální refers to a location just beneath the endothelium. The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. Therefore, the subendothelial space is the region immediately adjacent to this inner lining. This space is not empty but contains various components of the extracellular matrix, including collagen, elastic fibers, and other proteins.

The subendothelial space plays a crucial role in vascular health and disease. It acts as a barrier and a site for interactions between blood cells and the vessel wall. In response to injury or inflammation, components within the subendothelial space can become exposed, triggering processes like platelet adhesion and aggregation, which are initial steps in blood clot formation.

Certain pathological conditions are characterized by changes in the subendothelial space. For instance, in atherosclerosis, lipids and inflammatory cells can accumulate in this region, contributing to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. The thickening or alteration of the subendothelial matrix can affect the permeability and mechanical properties of the blood vessel, impacting blood flow and overall cardiovascular function. Understanding the composition and dynamics of the subendothelial space is therefore essential for comprehending vascular physiology and the development of vascular diseases.