Stwierdzeniem

Stwierdzeniem is the instrumental singular form of the Polish noun stwierdzenie, which means "statement" or "assertion." The noun stems from the verb stwierdzić, meaning to state or declare, and is formed with the nominalizing suffix -enie. Stwierdzenie is a neuter noun, with the full inflection including nominative stwierdzenie, genitive stwierdzenia, dative stwierdzeniu, accusative stwierdzenie, instrumental stwierdzeniem, and locative stwierdzeniu (vocative is typically the same as nominative).

In usage, stwierdzenie refers to a declarative content that can be true or false, a sense common in logic, philosophy, and academic writing. In everyday language it denotes a statement or assertion. The instrumental form stwierdzeniem appears in phrases indicating means or manner, or in constructions where it functions within predicative or attributive contexts. Examples include formulations such as stwierdzeniem autora or w stwierdzeniu, though more frequently Polish speakers use the nominative stwierdzenie or the genitive stwierdzenia in common phrases like według stwierdzenia or na podstawie stwierdzenia.

In logic and formal discourse, stwierdzenie is used to denote a proposition or declarative sentence that can be evaluated as true or false. The distinction between stwierdzenie (the proposition) and other related terms, such as twierdzenie (claim), is notable in some contexts. The instrumental form stwierdzeniem is primarily a grammatical case form rather than a separate semantic category, but it appears in specific syntactic constructions to indicate means or to integrate the noun into certain phrase structures.