Sreni

Sreni refers to a type of guild or association found in ancient and medieval India. These organizations played a significant role in the economic and social structure of the time, representing various crafts and trades. Srenis were not merely economic entities but also served as social organizations, providing members with a sense of community, mutual support, and a framework for regulating their professions.

Membership in a sreni was typically based on occupation, bringing together artisans, merchants, laborers, and other professionals. Each sreni had its own rules and regulations governing production, quality control, pricing, and the conduct of its members. They often functioned as self-governing bodies, capable of resolving internal disputes and even engaging in collective economic activities, such as pooling resources for trade or establishing charitable endowments.

The importance of srenis is evident in various historical texts, including inscriptions and literature, which mention their involvement in economic transactions, their wealth, and their influence. They were recognized by the state and sometimes played a role in public administration. The concept of srenis highlights a sophisticated system of organized professional groups that contributed to the economic vitality and social order of ancient and medieval Indian society.