Spermatograafia

Spermatograafia, also known as sperm scoring or sperm analysis, is a laboratory test that evaluates the quantity and quality of sperm in a semen sample. This diagnostic procedure is a crucial component in assessing male fertility and can also provide insights into the health of the reproductive system.

The analysis typically involves examining several parameters of the sperm. These include sperm concentration, which measures the number of sperm per milliliter of semen; sperm motility, assessing the percentage of sperm that are moving and the manner of their movement; and sperm morphology, which examines the shape and structure of the sperm cells. Other factors evaluated may include the volume of semen, the pH level, and the presence of white blood cells, which can indicate infection.

Spermatograafia is performed using a collected semen sample, usually obtained through masturbation after a period of abstinence. The sample is then analyzed by trained laboratory technicians using a microscope and specialized equipment. The results of a spermatograafia test are compared to established reference ranges to determine if the parameters fall within normal limits.

Abnormal results from a spermatograafia can suggest various conditions affecting male fertility, such as azoospermia (absence of sperm), oligospermia (low sperm count), asthenozoospermia (poor sperm motility), or teratozoospermia (abnormal sperm morphology). These findings can guide further investigations and treatment options for individuals experiencing difficulties conceiving. It is important to note that a single abnormal result does not necessarily confirm infertility, and repeat testing may be recommended.