SpandexLycra

Spandexlycra is a term used in textiles to refer to elastane fibers used for stretch fabrics. The word spandex is the generic name for this family of polyurethane-based fibers, while Lycra is a trademarked brand name for elastane owned by Invista. In common practice, fabrics labeled with spandex or elastane may also be marketed under Lycra branding.

Elastane fibers are notable for high stretch with strong recovery, allowing fabrics to extend several times their original length and then revert. They are usually used in blends with other fibers such as cotton, polyester, or nylon to add shape retention and comfort. Spandex fibers are lightweight, have good abrasion resistance, and are compatible with a range of dyes and finishes.

Elastane is produced by a solution-spinning process from segmented polyurethane polymers. The fiber is extruded as a gel through a spinneret into a coagulating bath or air-gap, then stretched to align polymer chains and achieve strength and elasticity. Microspandex or thin filaments are used to add discreet stretch to fabrics.

Common uses include athletic wear, swimwear, underwear, hosiery, dancewear, and medical compression garments. Care involves avoiding excessive heat, following garment instructions, and limiting chlorine exposure to preserve elasticity; washing in warm or cool water; air-drying preferred; chlorine and UV exposure can reduce elasticity over time.