Smluvní

Smluvní is a Czech adjective meaning contractual, relating to a contract. It designates elements that arise from, or are governed by, a contract, including obligations, rights and relationships. In formal language, the term distinguishes contractual or legally binding aspects from general or informal arrangements. Smluvní can modify nouns describing parts of a contract, such as a clause or party.

Common collocations: smluvní strany (contracting parties), smluvní podmínky (contractual terms), smluvní závazek (contractual obligation), smluvní pokuta (contractual penalty), smluvní vztah (contractual relationship). It is widely used in civil, commercial and administrative contexts, including insurance, employment, real estate and procurement.

Etymology and grammar: derived from the noun smlouva (contract) with the adjectival suffix -ní. It is an invariable form in the masculine singular; in full inflection it becomes smluvní, and it agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number and case (e.g., smluvní podmínky, smluvní vztah). In legal language it is typically used to describe elements that are created or governed by a contract rather than by law alone.

Usage notes: smluvní emphasizes formal, legally binding character; the related term dohoda (agreement) yields dohody/dohodný, which tends to be more informal. In practice, both may appear, but smluvní signals contractual obligations.

See also: smlouva, smluvní závazek, smluvní pokuta, smluvní vztah, smluvní podmínky, dohoda.