Skapulothorakal

Skapulothorakal, also known as scapulothoracic articulation, refers to the functional and anatomical relationship between the scapula (shoulder blade) and the thoracic wall (rib cage). Unlike typical synovial joints, it is a physiological joint formed by the muscular and fascial planes that allow the scapula to move smoothly over the posterior thoracic wall.

The scapulothorakal "joint" is not a true joint in the traditional sense because it lacks a synovial cavity and cartilage. Its movement is facilitated primarily by the muscles surrounding it, including the serratus anterior, subscapularis, and the rhomboids, which coordinate to enable shoulder elevation, depression, retraction, protraction, and rotation.

This articulation plays a crucial role in shoulder mobility and stability. Proper functioning of the skapulothorakal is essential for a full range of arm movements, such as reaching overhead or behind the back. Dysfunction or injuries involving this area can lead to shoulder impingement, pain, and limited mobility.

Clinically, the evaluation of the skapulothorakal involves assessing muscle strength, scapular positioning, and movement patterns. Conditions such as scapular winging or dyskinesis are common concerns associated with this region and can result from nerve injuries, muscular imbalances, or trauma.

In summary, the skapulothorakal is a functional, muscular interface that contributes significantly to shoulder mechanics and upper limb mobility. Its health and proper function are vital for effective upper limb movement and overall shoulder stability.