Siseõlemismootorid

Siseõlemismootorid, commonly known as internal combustion engines, are a type of heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. The expansion of the high-temperature and pressure gas products of combustion applies direct force to some component of the engine, such as pistons or turbine blades, resulting in useful work.

This process involves a cyclical series of events, typically including intake, compression, combustion (power), and exhaust strokes. During the intake stroke, a mixture of fuel and air enters the cylinder. The compression stroke reduces the volume of this mixture, increasing its pressure and temperature. The combustion stroke ignites the mixture, causing a rapid expansion of gases that pushes a piston or turns a turbine. Finally, the exhaust stroke expels the spent gases from the cylinder.

Siseõlemismootorid are widely used in vehicles, power generation, and various industrial applications. They are categorized based on their operating cycle, such as the Otto cycle (for gasoline engines) and the Diesel cycle (for diesel engines). Factors like fuel type, ignition method, and number of cylinders influence their design and performance characteristics. While efficient, they are also a source of emissions, leading to ongoing research and development in cleaner combustion technologies and alternative fuels.