Singularbestämd

Singularbestämd is a linguistic term used to describe the definite form of a noun in the singular. It refers to how some languages mark definiteness directly on the noun, rather than using a separate article placed before the noun. In the Scandinavian branch of the Germanic languages, many nouns in the singular take a definite suffix or inflection, producing a form that translates as “the book,” “the house,” and so on, with the indefinite form remaining without that definite marking.

In languages with suffixal definite marking, the singular definite often involves adding a specific ending to the noun. For example, in Swedish a common noun like bok becomes boken in the definite singular for many common-gender nouns, and hus becomes huset for neuter nouns in standard usage. Danish and Norwegian Bokmål show similar patterns, where the definite singular is formed by attaching a suffix to the noun, yielding forms such as bok→bogen (the book) and hus→huset (the house) in familiar usage. Icelandic likewise uses definite suffixes in the singular, for instance bók → bókin (the book).

The singular definite can also be accompanied by demonstratives, as in den boken or den huset, where a determiner precedes the noun phrase for emphasis or contrast, though the core definite marking often remains a suffix on the noun itself. Historically, these definite suffixes are derived from older demonstratives that merged with the noun over time, a process that varies by language and dialect.

Singularbestämd contrasts with indefinite forms (such as “a book”) and with plural definite forms, illustrating the broader typology of noun phrase definiteness in Germanic languages. See also definite article, noun phrase, and Scandinavian linguistics.