Silikoonid

Silikoonid are synthetic polymers that contain silicon, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen in their repeating units. They are a versatile class of materials known for their unique properties, including thermal stability, flexibility, and resistance to water and chemicals. The basic building block of a silicone is a siloxane chain, consisting of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms. Various organic groups are attached to the silicon atoms, which determine the specific properties of the silicone.

These compounds find widespread applications across numerous industries. In the medical field, silicones are used in implants, prosthetics, and wound dressings due to their biocompatibility and inertness. The automotive industry utilizes them for seals, gaskets, and lubricants owing to their resistance to heat and oil. In construction, silicones serve as sealants and adhesives, providing waterproof and durable bonds. They are also found in consumer products such as cookware, bakeware, cosmetics, and personal care items.

Silicone production typically involves the hydrolysis of chlorosilanes, followed by polymerization. The resulting silicones can exist in various forms, including oils, resins, and elastomers, depending on their molecular weight and structure. Their ability to withstand a wide range of temperatures, from very low to very high, makes them suitable for extreme environments. Furthermore, their non-stick properties and ease of cleaning contribute to their popularity in food-related applications. The broad spectrum of physical and chemical characteristics allows for tailored formulations to meet specific performance requirements.