Siemenkuori

Siemenkuori, also known as a seed coat, is the protective outer layer of a seed. It is derived from the integuments of the ovule, which develop after fertilization. The primary function of the seed coat is to shield the embryo and the stored food supply within the seed from physical damage, desiccation, and invasion by pathogens.

The structure and composition of seed coats can vary significantly among different plant species. Some seed coats are thin and papery, while others are thick, hard, and even woody. They may consist of one or two layers, depending on whether the ovule had one or two integuments. The seed coat can also play a role in seed dormancy, either by being physically impermeable to water and gases or by containing chemical inhibitors that prevent germination.

In some cases, the seed coat may also be modified to aid in dispersal. For example, some seed coats are winged or feathery, allowing for wind dispersal, while others are fleshy and edible, attracting animals for dispersal. The seed coat is typically shed or breaks down during germination, allowing the seedling to emerge and grow.