Selkäydinontelo

Selkäydinontelo, also known as the central canal of the spinal cord or ependymal canal, is a fluid-filled tube that runs through the center of the spinal cord. It is a remnant of the neural tube, which forms during embryonic development. The central canal is lined with ependymal cells, a type of glial cell that also lines the ventricles of the brain.

The primary function of the central canal is to circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the spinal cord. CSF is a clear, colorless fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and nutrients. In the spinal cord, CSF flows within the central canal and the subarachnoid space, helping to remove waste products and maintain a stable internal environment.

The central canal is a narrow structure, typically only about 0.5 millimeters in diameter in adults. Its size can vary slightly depending on the level of the spinal cord. In the thoracic region, it is usually at its narrowest, while in the lumbar and sacral regions, it may be slightly wider.

Conditions affecting the central canal can have significant neurological consequences. For example, syringomyelia is a disorder characterized by the formation of a cyst or cavity within the spinal cord, often involving the central canal. This can lead to pain, weakness, and sensory loss. Blockage or damage to the central canal can also impair CSF circulation, potentially leading to increased pressure within the spinal cord. While it plays a crucial role in the health of the spinal cord, the central canal is a delicate structure susceptible to various pathological processes.