Schouwen

Schouwen is an island in the southwestern Netherlands, located in the province of Zeeland. Historically it was a separate island, but in modern administration it forms part of the larger municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland. The name Schouwen is also used for the historic region and the former municipality that developed on the island.

Geography and boundaries are shaped by the Zeeland estuary system. Schouwen lies on the western edge of the Oosterschelde area, with the North Sea to the west and the Grevelingenmeer to the south, a lake created by the Delta Works. The southern and western landscapes feature extensive dunes and coastal beaches, while the interior includes polders and small villages. The island has been connected to adjacent landmasses by hydraulic works, most notably the Brouwersdam, which links Schouwen-Duiveland to Goeree-Overflakkee and helped reshape local hydrology.

History and culture have left a varied imprint. Zierikzee, the island’s historic port town, grew as a medieval trading center and retains a compact town center with old walls and monuments. Other notable communities include Brouwershaven and Renesse, the latter known for its long beach and tourism. The area has long been influenced by fisheries, agriculture, and tourism. The 20th century brought major hydraulic projects as part of the Delta Works, which transformed coastal protection and the landscape, including the creation of the Grevelingenmeer and changes to island connections.

Today, Schouwen is recognized for its natural scenery, historic towns, and recreational opportunities, especially its beaches, dunes, and cycling routes. The island remains part of the municipality Schouwen-Duiveland and continues to be a focal point for tourism and local culture within Zeeland.