Sb2O5

Sb2O5, or antimony pentoxide, is an inorganic compound consisting of antimony in the +5 oxidation state and oxide. It is typically described as a white to pale yellow powder and is used mainly as a laboratory reagent and synthetic intermediate. In its anhydrous form it is relatively stable under ambient conditions but is poorly soluble in water.

Structure and properties

The solid forms a polymeric oxide framework built from SbO6 coordination, and the precise arrangement can vary with the polymorph. Two polymorphic forms have been reported. Sb2O5 is generally insoluble in water and undergoes hydrolysis only slowly under ambient conditions; its stability and reactivity are influenced by temperature and moisture.

Preparation

Sb2O5 can be prepared by oxidizing Sb2O3 at elevated temperatures in air. It can also arise from dehydration of hydrated antimony oxide precursors. The exact route and conditions can influence which polymorph is obtained.

Applications

Sb2O5 is mainly used as a starting material for the synthesis of other antimony(V) compounds and as a research reference in studies of antimony oxide chemistry. It is encountered in materials science and as a precursor in certain catalyst formulations and pigment processes, though it is not as widely used as some other antimony oxides in commercial applications.

Safety

Antimony compounds can be hazardous if mishandled. Sb2O5 should be handled with appropriate PPE to avoid inhalation and skin or eye exposure. Waste must be disposed of as a hazardous material according to local regulations, and releases to the environment should be minimized.

See also

Antimony oxide, Sb2O3, antimony compounds.