Samuti

Samuti is an Estonian adverb meaning also, as well, or likewise. It is used to add information that relates to what has already been stated, signaling that the new point is parallel or supplementary to the previous one. In formal written Estonian, samuti is common in journalism, legal texts, and academic prose, where a precise sense of addition is desired.

Usage in sentences often places samuti at the beginning of a clause for emphasis or within a clause to connect parallel ideas. It is considered more formal or literary than the everyday word ka, which also means “also.” Because of its formal tone, samuti is frequently chosen when speakers or writers wish to elevate the style of the statement or avoid repetition.

Etymology and status: samuti is of Estonian origin. Its exact historical development is not widely documented in general reference works, but it is typically treated as an adverb formed to express addition, sometimes analyzed as a derivation related to sama “the same” with a suffix that yields an adverbial meaning. The word is firmly established in modern Estonian and is widely understood by speakers across dialects.

See also: In addition to samuti, Estonian uses other adverbs to express addition, such as ka and lisaks. These terms vary in formality and emphasis, allowing speakers to modulate tone according to context.