Samavartana

Samavartana is a concept in Indian philosophy, particularly in the context of Advaita Vedanta, which is a school of Hindu philosophy. The term translates to "return to the Self" or "return to the original state." It refers to the process of realizing one's true nature as Brahman, the ultimate reality, and the individual soul (Atman). This realization is seen as the ultimate goal of human existence.

In Advaita Vedanta, the process of Samavartana involves the dissolution of the individual ego (Ahankara) and the identification of the self with Brahman. This is achieved through the practice of meditation, self-inquiry, and the study of scriptures. The ultimate aim is to transcend the duality of subject and object, and to experience the non-dual reality of Brahman.

Samavartana is not a one-time event but a continuous process that requires sustained effort and dedication. It is seen as a journey of self-discovery and self-realization, where the individual gradually realizes their true nature and ultimately merges with Brahman. This process is often described as the "return to the Self" because it involves a return to the original state of pure consciousness, free from the illusions of the world.

The concept of Samavartana is central to the teachings of Adi Shankaracharya, the founder of Advaita Vedanta. He emphasized the importance of realizing one's true nature as Brahman and the need for a continuous effort to maintain this realization. This process is seen as the ultimate goal of human life, leading to liberation from the cycle of birth and death (samsara) and the attainment of Moksha, or liberation.