Saffraan

Saffraan is a spice derived from the flower of the Crocus sativus plant. It consists of the dried stigmas of the flower, which are hand-harvested. Saffraan is renowned for its vibrant red-orange color, distinct aroma, and slightly bitter flavor. It is one of the most expensive spices in the world by weight due to the labor-intensive harvesting process. Each flower produces only three stigmas, and it takes a large number of flowers to yield a small amount of saffron.

The primary cultivation regions for saffraan include Iran, India (specifically Kashmir), Spain, Greece, and Morocco. Saffraan has been used for centuries as a food coloring agent and flavoring in various cuisines, particularly in rice dishes like paella and risotto, as well as in desserts and baked goods. Beyond its culinary applications, saffraan has a history of use in traditional medicine and as a dye for textiles. Its chemical composition includes compounds like crocin, which is responsible for its color, and safranal, contributing to its aroma. Saffraan is typically sold as threads or in powdered form.