Saastegaaside

Saastegaaside, often translated as greenhouse gases, are atmospheric gases that absorb and emit infrared radiation. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect, which warms the Earth's surface. While the greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon essential for life on Earth, human activities have significantly increased the concentration of these gases in the atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change.

The primary greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases. Carbon dioxide is released through the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), deforestation, and industrial processes. Methane is produced from natural sources like wetlands and also from agricultural activities (livestock digestion, rice cultivation) and the extraction and transport of fossil fuels. Nitrous oxide originates from agricultural and industrial activities, as well as the combustion of fossil fuels and solid waste. Fluorinated gases, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), are potent greenhouse gases often used in industrial applications and refrigeration.

The increased concentration of saastegaaside traps more heat in the atmosphere, causing a rise in global average temperatures. This warming leads to various climate change impacts, including more frequent and intense heatwaves, changes in precipitation patterns, rising sea levels, and disruptions to ecosystems. International efforts are underway to reduce emissions of these gases and mitigate their effects.