Rádiológia

Rádiológia is the medical specialty that uses medical imaging to diagnose and treat diseases within the human body. Radiologists are medical doctors who are trained to interpret medical images and perform image-guided procedures. They use a variety of imaging techniques, including X-rays, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and nuclear medicine. Each of these modalities uses different physical principles to create images of the internal structures of the body.

X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that can pass through the body. Dense tissues, such as bone, absorb more X-rays and appear white on the image, while less dense tissues, such as air, allow more X-rays to pass through and appear black. CT scans use a series of X-ray images taken from different angles around the body to create cross-sectional slices. MRI uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of soft tissues. Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create images. Nuclear medicine uses small amounts of radioactive materials, called radiopharmaceuticals, to diagnose and treat disease by imaging the function of organs and tissues.

Radiologists play a crucial role in patient care by providing accurate diagnoses that guide treatment decisions. They work closely with other medical specialists to ensure that patients receive the most appropriate care. In addition to diagnostic imaging, radiologists also perform interventional radiology procedures, which are minimally invasive treatments guided by medical imaging. These procedures can be used to treat a wide range of conditions, from blocked arteries to cancerous tumors. The field of radiology is constantly evolving with advancements in technology, leading to improved image quality, faster scan times, and new diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities.