Rundfunksender

Rundfunksender is the facility that radiates radio programming to the public over the airwaves. It is the transmission side of a radio broadcasting system and typically comprises a transmitter, an antenna system and feed lines, power supplies (including backup options) and control or monitoring equipment. The program, produced in a studio or at a centralized hub, is encoded and modulated onto a carrier signal and then amplified by the transmitter. The resulting radio wave is launched via the antenna, and the potential reception area depends on transmitter power, frequency, antenna height and terrain.

In modern broadcasting, Rundfunksender can operate across different technologies, including FM for analog audio, and digital standards such as DAB or DAB+ for digital radio. Some networks also use multiplexed data services or support legacy analogue transmissions where applicable. Large broadcasting organizations use networks of multiple transmitters to cover cities, regions or entire countries. Signals are distributed from a central program source to regional transmitters through landlines, microwave links or IP networks, with synchronization and regional inserts as needed to maintain consistent nationwide programming and local relevance.

Regulatory oversight typically governs the licensing of transmitter sites, frequency allocation, power limits and interference protection. National authorities or broadcasting regulators ensure that Rundfunksender operate within technical standards and comply with content and spectrum policies. Historically associated with public service broadcasters, Rundfunksender remain a core component of broadcast infrastructure, even as digital andIP-based distribution expands the reach of radio services.