Rinovirusen

Rhinoviruses are a genus of single-stranded RNA viruses in the family Picornaviridae. They are the most common cause of the common cold in humans. There are over 160 known serotypes of rhinovirus, which makes developing a vaccine challenging. Rhinoviruses are typically transmitted through respiratory droplets, such as from coughing or sneezing, or through direct contact with contaminated surfaces.

The virus infects the upper respiratory tract, primarily the nasal passages. Symptoms of a rhinovirus infection usually appear within one to three days of exposure and can include a runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, sneezing, and sometimes a mild fever. While most infections are self-limiting and resolve within a week or two, rhinoviruses can also exacerbate pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma and can lead to secondary bacterial infections.

Diagnosis of a rhinovirus infection is usually based on clinical symptoms. There is no specific antiviral treatment for the common cold caused by rhinoviruses. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, such as rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications for pain and fever. Prevention strategies include frequent hand washing, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and not touching one's face.