Ribbonmicrofoons

Ribbon microphones are a type of dynamic microphone that uses a thin metal ribbon suspended in a magnetic field to convert sound into an electrical signal. The ribbon acts as a velocity transducer, producing voltage proportional to air velocity. This yields a bidirectional (figure-8) pickup pattern and a characteristic, smooth frequency response with a gentle roll-off at high frequencies.

Construction typically features a narrow aluminum ribbon mounted between magnets, with signal taken through a transformer. Most ribbons are passive, but some designs include built-in preamps or are designed to tolerate phantom power up to a limit. Classic vintage examples include the RCA 44 and Coles 4038; modern lines include Royer R-121, R-122, and AEA models such as the R84.

Ribbon mics are less sensitive than many condensers, requiring a quiet preamp and careful gain staging. They handle high sound pressure levels well when built for it, but their delicate ribbons are susceptible to humidity, wind, and rough handling. The figure-8 pattern makes proximity effect pronounced, shaping the mic’s bass response with close sources.

Common uses include vocals, acoustic guitars, strings, brass, and drum overheads or room mics where a natural, warm character is desired. They are frequently favored on guitar cabinets to tame brightness and on orchestral rooms to capture smooth ambience.

Care and handling: store in protective cases, avoid moisture, use windscreens to reduce wind noise, and ensure appropriate preamp impedance. If phantom power is used, check the mic model; many traditional ribbons are best used with a well‑spec’d preamp rather than direct phantom power.