Rhizogoniaceae

Rhizogoniaceae is a family of mosses belonging to the order Hypnales. This family is characterized by sporophytes that typically have a distinct neck and a capsule that dehisces via a lid. The leaves of Rhizogoniaceae mosses are often plicate, meaning they have longitudinal folds, and the costa, or central vein, is usually strong and percurrent, extending to the tip of the leaf. Rhizoids, which anchor the moss to its substrate, are typically dense and form a rhizome-like structure, giving the family its name.

Members of Rhizogoniaceae are found primarily in the Southern Hemisphere, with a notable presence in South America, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Africa. They often grow in moist, shaded environments, such as on rocks, soil, and tree bark. The family includes several genera, such as Rhizogonium, which is the type genus, and Micromitrium. Species within this family exhibit diverse growth forms, ranging from erect stems to creeping mats. Their reproductive structures, including sporophytes and gemmae, are important for species identification. The ecological role of Rhizogoniaceae mosses often involves contributing to soil stabilization and providing microhabitats for small invertebrates.