Retinadetachering

Retinadetachering, also known as retinal detachment, is a serious eye condition where the retina separates from the underlying tissue. The retina is a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that transmits visual information to the brain. When it detaches, it is deprived of oxygen and nutrients, which can lead to vision loss if not treated promptly.

There are several types of retinal detachment. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is the most common, occurring when a tear or hole develops in the retina, allowing fluid from the vitreous gel to seep underneath and lift the retina away. Tractional retinal detachment happens when scar tissue or abnormal blood vessels on the retinal surface contract, pulling the retina away. Exudative retinal detachment involves fluid accumulation beneath the retina without a tear, often due to inflammatory conditions or tumors.

Symptoms of retinal detachment can include sudden flashes of light, an increase in floaters (specks or lines that drift in the field of vision), a shadow or curtain obscuring part of the vision, and a feeling of a veil across the eye. These symptoms often appear without pain.

Risk factors for retinadetachering include severe myopia (nearsightedness), previous eye surgery such as cataract surgery, eye trauma, and a family history of retinal detachment. Certain systemic diseases like diabetes can also increase the risk.

Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist, including dilation of the pupil to allow visualization of the retina. Treatment options depend on the type and extent of the detachment and may include laser surgery, cryopexy (freezing treatment), pneumatic retinopexy (injecting a gas bubble into the eye), or vitrectomy (surgical removal of the vitreous gel). Prompt medical attention is crucial to preserve vision.