Reslizumab

Reslizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds interleukin-5 (IL-5), a cytokine involved in the growth, recruitment, and survival of eosinophils. By neutralizing IL-5, reslizumab reduces eosinophil counts in blood and airways, aiming to lessen eosinophilic inflammation in the lungs.

Medical use: It is approved as add-on maintenance therapy for adults with severe eosinophilic asthma whose disease is driven by eosinophils and who have not achieved control with conventional therapy.

Administration and dosing: Reslizumab is administered by intravenous infusion, typically at a dose of 3 mg/kg every four weeks, in a clinical setting with monitoring for hypersensitivity. It is not given by rapid injection. Patients should be observed during and after infusion for potential infusion-related reactions or anaphylaxis.

Mechanism and effects: By targeting IL-5, reslizumab decreases circulating and tissue eosinophils. In clinical trials, this reduction has been associated with fewer asthma exacerbations and, in many patients, improvements in lung function and asthma control, particularly among those with higher baseline eosinophil counts.

Safety and contraindications: The most serious safety concern is hypersensitivity, including anaphylaxis, necessitating monitoring during infusions. Common adverse effects may include infusion reactions and throat or chest discomfort. Reslizumab should be avoided in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to reslizumab or its excipients. Caution is advised in patients with a history of helminth infections or significant immune-related issues.

Regulatory status: In the United States, reslizumab (brand name Cinqair) has been approved for adults with severe eosinophilic asthma. Storage typically requires refrigeration (2-8°C).