Regresiooni

Regresiooni is a statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. The goal of regression analysis is to understand how changes in the independent variables affect the dependent variable. This can be used for prediction, forecasting, and inferring causal relationships, although caution is advised when inferring causality solely from regression.

There are various types of regression analysis, with linear regression being one of the most common. In simple linear regression, a straight line is fitted to the data points to represent the relationship between two variables. Multiple linear regression extends this by considering several independent variables. Other forms include polynomial regression, logistic regression (used for binary outcomes), and time series regression.

The process of regression typically involves selecting a model, estimating its parameters (e.g., coefficients), and evaluating the model's fit to the data. Statistical tests are used to determine the significance of the independent variables and the overall model. The output often includes coefficients, p-values, and R-squared values, which indicate the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variables. Regression is a widely used tool in fields such as economics, finance, biology, social sciences, and engineering.