Refutasteis

Refutasteis is a verb form in Spanish: the second-person plural preterite (simple past) of the verb refutar, meaning you all refuted. It is used in peninsular Spanish when the subject is the informal plural you, vosotros. The form is regular for -ar verbs in the preterite, formed from the stem refut- plus the endings -asteis.

Usage of refutasteis indicates a completed action in the past in which the addressed group challenged or rejected an argument or claim. For example: "Ayer, vosotros refutasteis todas las afirmaciones del informe." In most of Latin America, the corresponding past tense for ustedes is refutaron, not refutasteis, reflecting regional differences in second-person plural forms. In Spain, refutasteis is common in spoken and written language when addressing a familiar plural audience.

Origin and related forms: refutar comes from Latin refūtāre, with the prefix re- and a root meaning to drive away or repel in a figurative sense. The preterite vosotros ending for -ar verbs follows the regular pattern -asteis, of which refutasteis is the standard example. The form is closely tied to other vosotros preterite forms such as hablasteis, comisteis, and bebisteis, which share the same -asteis ending in their respective conjugations.

See also: Spanish verbs, conjugation, refutar, vosotros.