Redwoods

Redwoods is a common name for two species of large evergreen trees native to the western United States: the coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and the giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum). They are among the tallest and most massive trees in the world and have long lifespans that extend for many centuries.

Coast redwoods grow along the Pacific coast, from southern Oregon to central California. Giant sequoias are found in groves on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada in California, at higher elevations. Both species favor cool, moist climates with regular coastal fog and well-drained soils. Fire plays a role in their ecosystems by reducing competition and aiding cone opening and seedling establishment.

Coast redwoods are the tallest trees, with confirmed individuals exceeding 115 meters (about 379 feet). Giant sequoias are noted for their massive trunks and great volume, even if their height is less than that of coast redwoods. Lifespans for coast redwoods often reach 1,000–2,000 years, while giant sequoias can live for several thousand years.

Conservation efforts followed extensive historical logging in the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, protected areas such as Redwood National and State Parks, Humboldt Redwoods State Park, and other reserves safeguard remaining old-growth groves. Management emphasizes habitat protection, fire regimes, and carbon storage.

Notable examples include some of the tallest coast redwoods, such as Hyperion, and several giant sequoias renowned for their enormous trunk volume. Redwoods continue to be a focus of ecological research, conservation, and public appreciation.