Redoxcellák

Redoxcellák, also known as electrochemical cells, are devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or vice versa through redox reactions. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between chemical species. A fundamental component of a redox cell is the presence of two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, immersed in an electrolyte solution. Oxidation occurs at the anode, where a substance loses electrons, while reduction occurs at the cathode, where a substance gains electrons.

The flow of electrons between the anode and cathode through an external circuit constitutes an electric current. In a galvanic cell, also known as a voltaic cell, a spontaneous redox reaction generates electrical energy. This type of cell is used in batteries and fuel cells. In contrast, an electrolytic cell uses an external source of electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction. This process is employed in processes like electroplating and electrolysis.

The potential difference between the electrodes, measured in volts, drives the electron flow. The overall efficiency and behavior of a redox cell are determined by the specific chemical potentials of the reacting species and the design of the cell. Understanding redox cells is crucial for many fields, including chemistry, engineering, and environmental science, as they underpin technologies for energy storage, chemical synthesis, and pollution control.