Ratei

Ratei is a term used in accounting, particularly in Italian-language financial reporting, to describe accrued amounts recognized for a period even though the related cash flow will occur later. The word derives from rateo, meaning a portion or share attributable to a specific time interval.

There are two main forms of ratei: ratei attivi and ratei passivi. Ratei attivi are accrued income or revenues that have been earned during the current period but have not yet been collected. Ratei passivi are accrued expenses that have been incurred in the current period but have not yet been paid. Both types appear on the balance sheet as adjustments to reflect the true financial position at period end and ensure the income statement for the period includes all relevant revenues and expenses.

Ratei are typically discussed in conjunction with risconti, another element of accrual accounting. Risconti (deferrals) deal with revenues or expenses that have been billed or paid but pertain to future periods, effectively shifting recognition forward. Together, ratei and risconti help align financial reporting with the period in which activities occurred, rather than when cash transactions happen.

Examples illustrate the concept: a rateo attivo could be interest income earned but not yet received; a rateo passivo could be wages earned by employees but not yet paid. By recording these accruals, companies present a more accurate picture of profitability and obligations for the reporting period.

See also: accrual accounting, accruals, risconti, bilancio d’esercizio.