Rakétamotorok

Rakétamotorok, often translated as rocket engines, are devices that produce thrust by expelling a propellant at high speed. This expulsion creates a reactive force, propelling the engine and anything attached to it forward. Unlike jet engines, rocket engines carry both their oxidizer and fuel with them, allowing them to operate in the vacuum of space.

There are several types of rocket engines, with the most common being chemical rocket engines. These work by burning fuel and an oxidizer in a combustion chamber. The resulting hot gases are then accelerated through a nozzle, generating thrust. Liquid-propellant rockets use liquid fuel and oxidizer, offering high efficiency and controllability. Solid-propellant rockets use a solid mixture of fuel and oxidizer, providing simplicity and high thrust for short durations.

Other types include electric rocket engines, which use electrical energy to accelerate a propellant. Ion thrusters and Hall-effect thrusters fall into this category, offering very high specific impulse but low thrust, making them suitable for long-duration space missions. Nuclear thermal rockets use a nuclear reactor to heat a working fluid, which is then expelled to create thrust.

Rocket engines are fundamental to space exploration, enabling satellites to reach orbit, spacecraft to travel to distant planets, and human missions beyond Earth. Their development has been crucial for advancements in science, technology, and our understanding of the universe. The principles behind their operation are based on Newton's third law of motion.