Rajadharma

Rajadharma refers to the set of duties and responsibilities incumbent upon a ruler or king in ancient and medieval Indian traditions. It is a concept deeply rooted in Hindu scriptures and political philosophy, particularly found in texts like the Mahabharata and the Manusmriti. The core principle of rajadharma is the preservation of order, justice, and the welfare of the subjects.

A king bound by rajadharma was expected to uphold Dharma, the cosmic and social order, and ensure that his kingdom flourished. This involved protecting his people from internal and external threats, administering justice impartially, and maintaining the well-being of all living beings within his domain. The ruler was seen as a divine agent or a protector of the people, and his adherence to rajadharma was crucial for the stability and prosperity of the state.

The concept also encompassed specific guidelines for governance, including economic policies, military strategy, and the management of social hierarchies. A king who failed in his rajadharma risked divine displeasure, rebellion from his subjects, and the eventual downfall of his kingdom. Therefore, the ethical and moral conduct of the ruler was paramount in the concept of rajadharma.