Radioproteção

Radioproteção refers to the protection against ionizing radiation. It encompasses all measures and practices that aim to reduce exposure to harmful radiation, thereby preventing or minimizing adverse health effects. The fundamental principles of radioprotection are time, distance, and shielding. Minimizing the time spent near a radiation source, increasing the distance from it, and using appropriate shielding materials are key to reducing radiation dose.

In medical settings, radioprotection is crucial for both patients and healthcare professionals. For patients undergoing procedures like X-rays, CT scans, or radiation therapy, it involves using the lowest effective radiation dose and employing techniques that limit exposure to non-target tissues. For staff, it includes wearing protective gear such as lead aprons and employing remote handling techniques.

Regulatory bodies establish dose limits for workers and the general public to ensure radiation exposure remains within safe levels. These limits are based on scientific understanding of radiation's biological effects and aim to prevent both deterministic effects (which occur above a certain threshold dose) and stochastic effects (which have a probability of occurrence that increases with dose).

The use of radiation in various fields, including medicine, industry, and research, necessitates strict radioprotection protocols. Effective radioprotection strategies rely on a combination of technological advancements, proper training, and adherence to established safety guidelines to manage the risks associated with ionizing radiation.