Radioaktiivsel

Radioaktiivsel is a term used to describe something that is radioactive. Radioactivity is a phenomenon where certain atomic nuclei are unstable and spontaneously emit energy and particles in the form of radiation. This process occurs when the nucleus has an excess of energy or an imbalance of protons and neutrons. The emissions can include alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and neutrons.

The rate at which a radioactive substance decays is characterized by its half-life, which is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to disintegrate. Half-lives can vary greatly, from fractions of a second to billions of years, depending on the specific isotope.

Radioactive materials have various applications, including in medical imaging and treatment, industrial processes, and scientific research. However, exposure to high levels of radiation can be harmful to living organisms, causing damage to cells and DNA, which can lead to health issues such as cancer. Therefore, proper handling and shielding are crucial when working with radioactive substances. The study of radioactivity and its properties is known as radiochemistry.