RSO32

RSO32 is a designation for a specific type of liquid rocket propellant. It stands for Red Fuming Nitric Acid (RFNA) and Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH). This combination is a hypergolic propellant, meaning it ignites spontaneously upon contact without the need for an igniter. This characteristic makes it highly reliable for rocket engine ignition, particularly in situations where a quick and sure start is critical, such as in spacecraft attitude control thrusters or emergency launch abort systems.

Red Fuming Nitric Acid is a corrosive and highly oxidizing liquid, characterized by its reddish-brown color due to dissolved nitrogen dioxide. Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine is a volatile, flammable liquid that is also toxic. The combination of these two propellants is powerful and efficient, producing high thrust. However, both components are hazardous to handle and require stringent safety protocols. Due to its corrosive nature, RFNA often requires specialized storage and handling materials.

RSO32 has been used in various rocket engine applications, particularly during the Cold War era for tactical missiles and early spacecraft. Its hypergolic nature provided a significant advantage in terms of simplicity and reliability compared to propellants requiring separate ignition systems. While still in use for some niche applications, the development of less toxic and more stable propellant combinations has led to a decline in its widespread adoption for new space programs. The handling and disposal of RSO32 also present significant environmental and safety challenges.