RAD51ä

RAD51ä is a protein that plays a crucial role in DNA repair, specifically in homologous recombination. This process is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genome by allowing cells to repair double-strand breaks in DNA using a homologous template. RAD51ä is a core component of the RAD51 recombinase family, which are conserved across many species, including humans.

The RAD51ä protein functions by binding to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and forming a nucleoprotein filament. This filament then searches for a homologous double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) sequence, which serves as a template for repair. Once homology is found, RAD51ä facilitates the invasion of the ssDNA into the dsDNA, initiating the process of strand exchange. This strand exchange is a critical step in copying the intact DNA sequence to repair the break.

Dysfunction of RAD51ä or other proteins in the homologous recombination pathway can lead to genomic instability, which is often associated with an increased risk of cancer. Research into RAD51ä and its associated proteins is ongoing, with a focus on understanding its precise mechanisms of action and its implications in various diseases. The study of RAD51ä is important for developing targeted therapies for cancer and other genetic disorders.