Qiran

Qiran is a term used in Islamic jurisprudence to describe a specific method of performing Hajj and Umrah. The word derives from Arabic and conveys the idea of joining or linking two pilgrimages under a single state of ihram. In the Qiran mode, the pilgrim enters the state of ihram with the intention to perform both Umrah and Hajj.

Under Qiran, the pilgrim performs the rites of Umrah while remaining in ihram and does not exit or change the state between Umrah and Hajj. After completing the Umrah rites, the pilgrim proceeds to perform the rites of Hajj within the same ihram, including the essential Hajj acts at Mecca, Arafat, Muzdalifah, and Mina. The sequence and timing of acts may vary slightly by school of jurisprudence, but the common feature is the continuation of ihram from the Umrah through the Hajj.

Qiran is one of three recognized modes of performing Hajj and Umrah in Sunni Islamic jurisprudence, the others being Tamattu and Ifrad. In Tamattu, the pilgrim performs Umrah and exits ihram before entering a new ihram for Hajj; in Ifrad, the pilgrim performs Hajj without the prior Umrah and remains in ihram for the entire journey. Qiran is considered more demanding in terms of obligations and restrictions, since the pilgrim remains in ihram throughout both rites.

Etymologically, Qiran reflects the idea of joining the two pilgrimages into a single, continuous act of worship. See also the broader practices of Hajj and its classifications.