Pöörlemistasemed

Pöörlemistasemed refers to the different energy levels a molecule can occupy due to its rotational motion. According to quantum mechanics, molecular rotation is quantized, meaning that only specific, discrete rotational energies are allowed. These allowed energies are determined by the molecule's moment of inertia and its rotational quantum number.

Each rotational energy level corresponds to a specific rotational state. When a molecule transitions between these levels, it can absorb or emit electromagnetic radiation, typically in the microwave or far-infrared regions of the spectrum. This absorption or emission of energy is responsible for rotational spectroscopy, a technique used to study molecular structure and dynamics.

The spacing between rotational energy levels is generally uniform for linear molecules, but can become more complex for non-linear molecules. The population of molecules in each rotational level at a given temperature follows a Boltzmann distribution, with lower energy levels being more populated than higher energy levels. Understanding pöörlemistasemed is crucial for interpreting spectroscopic data and for comprehending the thermodynamic properties of gases.