Pölykuormitus

Pölykuormitus, also known as particulate matter (PM) pollution, refers to the presence of solid particles and liquid droplets in the air. These particles can be of natural or anthropogenic origin, ranging in size from a few nanometers to tens of micrometers. The primary sources of PM include combustion processes, industrial activities, construction, and road dust. PM is classified into two main categories based on their aerodynamic diameter: PM10 (particles with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less) and PM2.5 (particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less). PM2.5 particles are particularly concerning due to their ability to penetrate deep into the respiratory system and even enter the bloodstream.

The health impacts of PM pollution are significant and multifaceted. Exposure to high levels of PM has been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, including asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. It can also exacerbate existing health conditions and contribute to premature mortality. Additionally, PM pollution can have adverse effects on the environment, including damage to ecosystems, reduced visibility, and accelerated weathering of buildings and monuments.

To mitigate the effects of PM pollution, various strategies are employed, such as improving emission control technologies, promoting the use of cleaner fuels, and implementing stricter regulations on industrial activities. Public awareness and education campaigns also play a crucial role in encouraging individuals to adopt practices that reduce PM exposure, such as using air purifiers and minimizing outdoor activities during high pollution periods.