Põlvedest

Põlvedest refers to the knees in Estonian. The knee is a crucial joint in the leg, connecting the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone (tibia). It is a complex hinge joint that allows for flexion and extension of the lower leg, enabling activities such as walking, running, jumping, and squatting. The knee joint is also stabilized by several ligaments, including the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, and the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, which prevent excessive forward, backward, and sideways movement. The patella, or kneecap, is a sesamoid bone situated at the front of the knee, which articulates with the femur and aids in extending the leg.

The knee joint is susceptible to various injuries and conditions. These can range from acute injuries like ligament tears (e.g., ACL tears) and meniscus tears, often sustained during sports or accidents, to chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis, which is characterized by the degeneration of cartilage, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Other common knee problems include tendinitis, bursitis, and patellofemoral pain syndrome. Diagnosis of knee issues typically involves a physical examination, imaging techniques like X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound, and sometimes arthroscopy.

Treatment for knee problems varies depending on the specific condition and its severity. Conservative approaches may include rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE), physical therapy, pain medication, and corticosteroid injections. In cases of severe damage or persistent pain, surgical interventions such as arthroscopy for meniscal repair or ligament reconstruction, or total or partial knee replacement surgery, may be necessary. Maintaining healthy knee function often involves regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and practicing proper techniques during physical activities to prevent injuries.