Põletikutsüklid

Põletikutsüklid refer to the distinct phases involved in the inflammatory process within the body. This biological response is a crucial part of the immune system's defense mechanism against injury, infection, or irritation. Understanding these cycles is fundamental to comprehending how the body heals and how certain diseases manifest.

The inflammatory process typically begins with an initiation phase. This is triggered by various stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or foreign substances. In response, immune cells, like macrophages and mast cells, are activated at the site of insult. This activation leads to the release of chemical mediators, including cytokines and chemokines, which are signaling molecules that orchestrate the inflammatory response.

Following initiation, the effector phase commences. This phase is characterized by the recruitment of more immune cells, such as neutrophils and lymphocytes, to the affected area. These cells work to neutralize pathogens, clear cellular debris, and initiate tissue repair. Key signs of inflammation, such as redness, swelling, heat, and pain, become evident during this stage due to increased blood flow and vascular permeability.

Finally, the resolution phase aims to restore tissue homeostasis. This involves the cessation of inflammatory signals, the removal of inflammatory cells through apoptosis or migration, and the regeneration or repair of damaged tissues. If the inflammatory stimulus is removed and the damage is not too severe, the body can return to its normal state. However, if the inflammation becomes chronic, this resolution phase may be impaired, leading to persistent tissue damage and the development of various inflammatory diseases.