Päevitusnähtude

Päevitusnähtude is a term referring to the physiological and visual effects that occur after prolonged exposure to sunlight. These can manifest in various ways, primarily affecting the skin and eyes.

On the skin, the most common manifestation is tanning, which is the darkening of the skin due to an increase in melanin production. This is the body's natural defense mechanism against ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage. However, excessive sun exposure can lead to sunburn, characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and in severe cases, blistering. Chronic sun exposure also contributes to premature skin aging, including wrinkles, age spots, and a leathery texture. Furthermore, UV radiation is a significant risk factor for skin cancer, including melanoma.

The eyes are also susceptible to the effects of sunlight. Photokeratitis, often referred to as "sunburn of the eye," can occur due to intense UV exposure, causing pain, redness, and a gritty sensation. Long-term exposure can increase the risk of cataracts, a clouding of the lens, and macular degeneration, a condition affecting central vision.

Preventing päevitusnähtude involves protective measures such as using sunscreen with adequate SPF, wearing protective clothing and hats, and seeking shade during peak sun hours. Wearing UV-blocking sunglasses is crucial for eye protection. Understanding these effects highlights the importance of safe sun practices to maintain skin and eye health.