Puusapiirkonnad

Puusapiirkonnad, also known as pelvic regions, refer to the anatomical area surrounding the hip joint and extending downwards to the top of the thigh. This region encompasses several key structures crucial for locomotion and stability. It is bounded superiorly by the iliac crests, anteriorly by the inguinal ligaments, and posteriorly by the gluteal muscles. Within this region lie the hip bone, or os coxae, which is composed of the ilium, ischium, and pubis fused together. The hip joint itself is a ball-and-socket joint formed by the articulation of the femoral head (the "ball") with the acetabulum (the "socket") of the hip bone.

The puusapiirkonnad plays a vital role in weight-bearing, balance, and movement. Muscles originating from or inserting into this area, such as the gluteal muscles, hip flexors, and adductors, are responsible for a wide range of motion including walking, running, and maintaining an upright posture. The pelvic girdle, formed by the two hip bones connected at the sacrum, provides a stable base for the trunk and transmits forces between the lower limbs and the axial skeleton. Understanding the anatomy and function of the puusapiirkonnad is essential in fields like orthopedics, physical therapy, and biomechanics, as injuries or dysfunctions in this area can significantly impact mobility and quality of life.