Puhtaustila

Puhtaustila, often translated as cleanroom, is a controlled environment designed to minimize the introduction, generation, and retention of contaminants. These contaminants can include particles, microorganisms, volatile chemicals, and aerosols. Puhtaustilat are essential for manufacturing and scientific endeavors where the presence of even minute particles can compromise product quality or experimental results.

The primary characteristic of a puhtaustila is its air filtration system. High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) or ultra-low particulate air (ULPA) filters are used to remove airborne particles from the air. Air is circulated in a specific pattern, typically laminar or unidirectional, to sweep contaminants away from the critical work area. The number of air changes per hour is significantly higher than in conventional rooms.

Classification of puhtaustilat is based on the maximum number of particles of a specific size allowed per unit volume of air. Standards like ISO 14644-1 provide a framework for this classification, ranging from ISO Class 1 (the cleanest) to ISO Class 9 (the least clean). Industries that heavily rely on puhtaustilat include pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, microelectronics, aerospace, and food processing.

Strict protocols are enforced within puhtaustilat to maintain cleanliness. Personnel entering these areas must wear specialized garments, known as cleanroom suits, which cover their entire body, including head, hands, and feet. These suits are designed to prevent shedding of skin cells, hair, and fibers. Procedures for cleaning equipment and surfaces are also rigorously defined and executed. The design of the puhtaustila itself, including materials used for walls, floors, and ceilings, is chosen to be non-shedding and easy to decontaminate.