Prostaglandiner

Prostaglandiner are a group of lipid compounds that exhibit hormone-like effects in animals. They are derived enzymatically from fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid. Prostaglandins are synthesized in most tissues and organs of the body and act locally, usually near the site of their production, although they can also enter the bloodstream to exert effects on distant organs. Their diverse roles are mediated through binding to specific prostaglandin receptors located on the surface of target cells.

The functions of prostaglandins are wide-ranging and include regulation of inflammation, blood flow, and blood clot formation. They play a critical role in the inflammatory response, promoting vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, which facilitates the movement of immune cells to the site of injury. Prostaglandins also influence smooth muscle contraction, affecting processes such as labor and delivery in the uterus. Additionally, they are involved in pain sensation, fever regulation, and protection of the stomach lining. Certain prostaglandins are used therapeutically to induce labor, manage glaucoma, and treat peptic ulcers. The synthesis and breakdown of prostaglandins are tightly regulated to ensure appropriate physiological responses.