Proresoluutioiset

Proresoluutioiset, also known as proresolving mediators (PRMs), are a class of endogenous lipid mediators that play a crucial role in the resolution of inflammation. They are derived from essential fatty acids, primarily omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Unlike anti-inflammatory mediators that primarily suppress the inflammatory response, proresolutory mediators actively promote the return of tissue homeostasis following inflammation.

These molecules are not merely passive observers of inflammation but actively orchestrate the termination of the inflammatory process. They achieve this through several key mechanisms, including the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, the enhancement of phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and debris by macrophages, and the promotion of tissue repair and regeneration.

The discovery and characterization of proresolutory mediators have revolutionized our understanding of inflammation, shifting the paradigm from a simple on/off switch to a dynamic, programmed process. This active resolution phase is essential for preventing chronic inflammation and the associated tissue damage.

Key families of proresolutory mediators include lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins. Each of these classes has unique structures and biological activities, contributing to the multifaceted nature of the resolution process. Research into proresolutory mediators is an active and rapidly evolving field, with significant implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for a wide range of inflammatory diseases.