Preplans

Preplans are pre-incident planning documents created by emergency services and other responders to guide actions at potential incident sites before an event occurs. They are location-specific and typically developed through collaboration among fire departments, police, EMS, facility managers, and building owners. The objective is to capture information that can influence safety and response effectiveness, enabling faster, more coordinated action during a crisis.

The purpose of preplans is to prepare responders for known risks and unique site characteristics. They cover access and egress routes, occupancy types, building layout, and potential hazards. They also document water supply details, standpipes and sprinkler systems, shutoff locations for electrical and gas utilities, HVAC and ventilation considerations, and critical infrastructure. Additionally, preplans may include contact lists, key personnel, incident command arrangements, and special procedures for high-risk scenarios such as hazardous materials, high-rise buildings, or large crowds.

Content typically found in a preplan includes site address and contact information, floor plans, entry points and security measures, utility shutoffs, fire protection features, hazard identifications, and critical equipment locations. Plans may be stored in digital systems accessible to responders and kept in hard copy at stations or on mobile devices. Regular updates and routine site reconnaissance are essential to maintain accuracy.

Benefits of preplans include faster response times, improved safety for responders and occupants, better resource coordination, and more informed decision-making. Limitations involve keeping information current, protecting sensitive details, and ensuring access across agencies during emergencies.

See also: pre-incident planning, incident command system, emergency management.