Postoperatorie

Postoperatorie refers to the period after a surgical procedure during which the patient recovers from anesthesia and stabilizes for ongoing recovery. It encompasses the immediate recovery in the post-anesthesia care unit, the inpatient hospital phase, and the transition to home or another care setting. The primary aims are patient safety, effective pain control, prevention of complications, and restoration of function as feasible.

Immediate postoperative care focuses on airway, breathing, and circulation, with continuous monitoring of vital signs, oxygenation, wound status, drainage, urine output, and fluid balance. Analgesia is usually multimodal to minimize opioids, while nausea, vomiting, and delirium risk are addressed. Early detection of bleeding, respiratory problems, or anesthesia-related effects is essential.

During the inpatient phase, early mobilization, respiratory exercises, and sometimes physical therapy help prevent pneumonia and vascular complications. Wound and drain care, infection prevention, nutrition, and hydration support recovery. Medication regimens are adjusted as needed, with attention to comorbid conditions such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease.

Discharge planning begins when the patient can tolerate oral intake, pain is controlled with oral medicines, vital signs are stable, and basic activities can be performed. Patients receive instructions on wound care, activity limits, medication schedules, recognizing warning signs, and follow-up appointments.

Considerations such as age, existing health conditions, and the type of surgery influence the length of stay and potential postoperative risks.