PolymerElektrolytMembran

PolymerElektrolytMembran, often abbreviated as PEM, refers to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane. These membranes are a crucial component in various electrochemical devices, most notably in Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The primary function of a PEM is to conduct ions, typically protons, while simultaneously acting as a barrier to prevent the mixing of reactant gases. The polymer structure allows for selective ion transport through its functional groups, such as sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H), which become hydrated in the presence of water. This hydration is essential for efficient proton conductivity. The membrane also serves as a mechanical support and electrical insulator between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell. Commonly used materials for PEMs include perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers like Nafion, which exhibit excellent chemical and thermal stability, as well as good proton conductivity under operating conditions. Research continues to focus on developing new PEM materials with enhanced performance, durability, and cost-effectiveness for a wider range of applications beyond fuel cells, including batteries, sensors, and electrodialysis.